===================== 第一册句型 ===================== .. contents:: :depth: 2 ---- Lesson 1~2 ==================== .. code:: Excuse me Lesson 5~6 =============== This is 句型，用于介绍他人 范例： :: This is Sophie Dupont. 用于初次见面非正式场合 :: Nice to meet you. Lesson 7~8 =============== 询问国籍 :: What nationality are you? Where are you come from? Where do you come from? 询问工作 :: What's your job? Lesson 9~10 ================= .. code:: How are you today? How do you do? 当代英语中已经很少用 Lesson 11~12 ============== 给东西的常用语，be动词重读。 :: Here you are. Here it is. 单数 Here they are. 复数 Lesson 19~20 ================= 固定用法 :: What's the matter? What's wrong? Lesson 23~24 =================== 动词的双宾语 :: Give me some glasses. Give some glasses to me. 对要不要某东西的回答，如果想要 :: Yes, please. 如果不想要 :: No, thank you. Lesson 31~32 ================= 省略用法，询问状态 :: What about the dogs? 相当于 What is the dog doing in the garden? Lesson 39~40 ================= 放东西的常用语 :: There we are! 在这里表示说话人的满意心情，可理解为“好了、行了”。 Lesson 41~42 ================== .. code:: Not very 不太重 完整句型 :: It is not very heavy Lesson 43~44 ====================== 使用容器来代指容器内的东西，是一种修辞格，叫做借代 metonymy :: The kettle's boiling! The water in the kettle is boiling! Lesson 47~48 ==================== .. code:: Do you like coffee? Yes, I do. 是的，我喜欢 No, I don't. 不，我不要 一般不说 :: Yes, I like ... 这代表我喜欢，我想要 No, I don't like ... 这代表我不喜欢，我不想要 Leeson 49~50 ================ .. code:: What about some steak? How about some steak? 两句同义，参见 `Lesson 31~32`_ 它常用于句首，做句子的附加成分，表示说话人对所说话的态度。 老实说，说实话 :: to tell (you) the truth. Lesson 51~52 =================== 询问国籍，come from 表示来源或者籍贯。在 `Lesson 7~8`_ 有类似句型 :: Where do you come from? Where are you come from? Lesson 55~56 ===================== 这几个以go引导的短语，不必使用冠词 :: go to work go to school go to bed .. code:: home为副词 stay at home home为名词 stay home housework是不可数名词 :: do the housework do the homework 注意介词的用法 :: at night at noon at midday at meridiem in the morning in the afternoon in the evening on the night of June 2 Lesson 59~60 ================ What else ...? 可以看作是一个疑问句式，意思是“还有什么……吗？”。 else经常接在疑问代词、不定代词和疑问副词后面，表示“此外”、“别的”、“其他的”。 :: What else do you want? What else is from New Youk? 还有是从纽约来的？ When else shall we meet again? 什么其他的时间我们再见面？ What else did he say? 他还说了什么？ Lesson 65~66 =================== 表示“几岁”，由基数词+year(s) old构成。在口语中，year(s) old往往可以省去。 :: she is eighteen. 当别人表示感谢时候的回答 :: That's all right. You're welcome. Not at all. Don't mention it. 告别语 :: Bye-bye 非正式 Goodbye Good night 正式 See you/I'll be seeing you非正式 Lesson 67~68 ====================== 不在，缺席 :: be absent from .. glossary:: 感叹句 否定形式的感叹句，用来加强语气强调肯定 :: Aren't you lucky! Lesson 71~72 ================== 询问某人的外貌或品行 :: What is sb. like? 与某人说话 :: speak to sb. Lesson 73~74 ================== and 当所以讲： :: ... and she lost her way. ... 她心中暗想： :: she said to herself. Lesson 77~78 ================== 相见某人的常见句式： I want to see sb., please 与某人有约会： have an appointment (with sb.) 约定见面时间： Can you come at ...? 更强烈的预期： I must see ... Lesson 81~82 ==================== ``Come upstairs`` 中的 upstairs 表示动作的方向。 ``He's upstairs`` 中的 upstairs 表示他的方位。 Lesson 83~84 ==================== 乱七八糟，请原谅 :: Excuse the mess. home 前面不加定冠词 stay at home go home (home 是副词) arrive home (home 是副词) Lesson 85~86 ================ have been 与 have gone - have been to a place 表示过去曾经去过某地，但已经不在那里。 - have gone to a place 表示过去已经去过某地，现在在那里，或者在去那里的路上。 :: George has been to Paris. （现在不在巴黎） George has gone to Paris. （在巴黎或者在去巴黎的路上） Have you ever been to America? （对方不在美国境内） Has he gone to Washington D.C.? （被提到的人可能在美国境内或赴美途中） What's on? 询问正在上映什么电影的简单问句。 Lesson 87~88 ================ 撞倒 :: drive into 设法做某事 :: try to + 动词不定式 看一下 :: have a look at = look at Lesson 93~94 ================== and 当 but(而...)，起到转折作用 :: He is only forty-one years old, and he has ... Lesson 99~100 ================ 试着站起来 :: Try and stand up 用 and 把两个动词连在一起用来鼓励某种动作。 让我帮帮你 :: Let me help you. let 有允许的意思，注意在 let 后面要加不带 to 的动词不定式。 Lesson 101~102 ================ 朋友间通信常用结束语 :: Love, Jimmy 爱你的，吉米 Yours, Jimmy 你的，吉米 Lesson 103~104 ================ 通过一个考试，直接用 pass，通过一个科目，用 pass in :: I think I passed in English and Mathematics. 用于征求他人意见 :: How about...? 振作起来 :: Cheer up! Lesson 105~106 ================ 怎样拼写 :: Houw do you spell ...? 充满了... :: full of ... Lesson 107~108 ================ 你愿意 ... 吗？ :: Would you like ... ? Could 表示请求，比 Can 开头更加委婉 :: Could you ... ? Lesson 109~110 ================ 我想要... :: I would like = I'd like .. glossary:: 感叹句 用 ``What a + 可数名词`` 和 ``What + 不可数名词`` 表示感叹。 真遗憾 :: What a pity! Lesson 111~112 ================ 分期付款 :: buy ... on instalments 花不起那么多钱 :: can't afford all that money. 预付款 :: pay a deposit of thirty pounds. 每月 14 英镑，3 年付清 :: fourteen pounds a month for three years. Lesson 113~114 ================ 使用 ``no + 名词`` 表示所指的东西完全没有，比 ``not got any`` 更加强烈。 :: I've got no small change. I haven't got any small change. 下车 :: get off the bus. Lesson 115~116 ================ nice and ... 用于形容词或者副词前加强语气。一般表示褒义，有时也表示贬义。 :: It's nice and warm out here. none left. 一点都不剩了 :: There's none left. left 是 leave 的过去分词。表示“剩下的，没用完的”。它通常位于不定代词之后，出现在 ``there be`` 结构中。 There is nothing left in the refrigerator. Lesson 121~122 ================ 忘了所谋事 :: forget to do sth. 戴上... ，当宾语是名词的时候，可以放在中间和后面。当宾语是代词的时候，只能放在中间 :: Put on your coat. Put your coat on. Put it on. Lesson 123~124 ================ 留胡子 :: grow ad beard 刮胡子 :: shave it off Lesson 127~128 ================ 我也这样想 :: I thought so. I hope so. I except so. I told you so. Lesson 129~130 ================ 一定/准是在做某事 :: must have been doing sth. can't have been doing sth. 听从劝告 :: take one's advice 以xx速度行驶 :: at seventy miles an hour. 以每小时 70 英里的速度行驶 I was doing eighty when I overtook you. 其中的 do 表示以 xx 速度行进 Lesson 131~132 =================== 我不确定 :: I'm not sure. 照看 :: look after 最后 :: in the end 打定主意 :: make up our minds 乘船，乘车 :: by sea/by air/by bus/by foot 花很长时间 :: take a long time Lesson 133~134 =================== by our reporter = written by our reporter Lesson 137~138 =================== 下足球赛的赌注 :: do the football pools 周游世界 :: see the world travel round the world 取决于，依靠 :: depend on Lesson 139~140 ================ 英文中表示客气常常把他人姓名放在“我”之前。 :: She invited Charlotte and me to dinner this evening.